CONTENTS

Conceptualizing Politics of Translation in the Chinese and the Western Context / Hu Cui’e 5

Spivak as a Theorist of Translation / Li Hongyu 12

A Bibliometric Analysis of New Developments in Simultaneous Interpreting Studies in the WestGao Bin & Chai Mingjiong / 17

Telephone Interpreting as a New Trend in Community Interpreting / Xiao Xiaoyan & Yu Ruiling / 22

The Translator’s Invisibility and the Lingo-stylistic Determination of Fu Lei’s Translation / Hu Anjiang & Xu Jun 28

Foreignization and Domestication Revisited: The New Edition of Venuti’s The Translator’s Invisibility / Guo Jianzhong 34

An Interview with Professor Douglas Robinson / Zhu Lin, Gao Qian & Liu Yanchun 39

Development of Professional Translation/Interpreting Teaching and Implementation of the TOT Project / Ren Wen 48

Lin Yutang’s Translational Strategies for Introducing the Art of Chinese Calligraphy to the English-speaking World / Gu Yi 53

The Readers’Expectation for Innovation as a Justification for Creative Literary Translation / Cong Zihang 68

To Get Close to or to Back Away from: Strategies for English Translation of Chinese Phrases / Meng Xiangchun / 74

E/C Translation Practice: The Big Bull Market ( Frederick Lewis Allen) / Liu Qingrong 79

C/E Translation Practice: Gingko（Guo Mo-ruo)Shi Zhikang 82

English Abstracts of Major Papers in This Issue /  94 

English Abstracts of Major Papers in This Issue

Conceptualizing Politics of Translation in the Chinese and the Western Context

by Hu Cui’e (NankaiUniversity,Tianjin,China) & Yang Hui (Anhui Agriculture University,China) p.5

Abstract: Politics of translation has been conceptualized differently inChinaand in the West. The Western approach to this topic tends to be set in a post-colonial context, serving either to throw light on how translation helps construct the cultural identities of the Self and the Other, or to expose how violence and distortion have been committed throughout the translating process. In addressing issues under this heading, theorists launch a critique of cultural practices. In the Chinese context, however, the same topic leads mainly to descriptive analysis of translational events in Chinese history, with little attention paid to exploring its potentials for critical and cultural practices.

Key words: politics of translation; post colonial context; post-structuralism; cultural criticism

Spivak as a Theorist of Translation

by Li Hongyu (ShanghaiInternationalStudiesUniversity,Shanghai,China) p.12

Abstract: One of the most celebrated literary and cultural critics in the world, Spivak’s thought on translation has sparked heated discussions in the West since the 1990s. Yet little has been published inChinaabout her thinking in this important area of studies and she remains a virtual unknown toChina’s scholars of translation. To address the deficiency, this paper takes a close look at her translation-related publications and offers an account of her thoughts on the nature of translation, especially on translation as violence and translation as reading.

Key words: Spivak; translation; violence; reading

A Bibliometric Analysis of New Developments in Simultaneous Interpreting Studies in the West

by Gao Bin ( University of International Business and Economics, Beijing ,China) &Chai Mingjiong (Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China) p.17

Abstract: Until recently,China’s scholars of interpreting had turned their attention primarily to 20th-century Western interpretation theories, what is being achieved by their international colleagues in the 21st century remains under-researched. To update our knowledge of the developments in this field, the authors of this paper conduct a survey of relevant publications from 2000 to 2008. Their bibliometric study indicates that cognitive issues increasingly dominate discussions on interpreting in recent years while empirical study continues to be the most commonly used method of investigation.

Key words: interpreting; interpreting studies; simultaneous interpreting

Telephone Interpreting as a New Trend in Community Interpreting

by Xiao Xiaoyan & Yu Ruiling（Xiamen University Xiamen, China）p.22

Abstract: Though a non-immigrant country,Chinahas been receiving an increasing number of short- and long-term overseas visitors over the years and is hence in a growing need for community interpreting (CI) , a form of interpreting neglected inChina. After a brief introduction to CI and the history of its research, this paper focuses on a new area of its application, i.e., telephone interpreting (TI). Using theUnited Statesas a case study, the authors analyze the reasons behind the boom of TI, examine its communicative features, and compare it with face-to-face interpreting. The paper ends with an exploration of possible factors that may impact future development of TI inChina.

Key words: community interpreting; telephone interpreting; face-to-face interpreting

The Translator’s Invisibility and the Lingo-stylistic Determination of Fu Lei’s Translation

by Hu Anjiang (SichuanInternationalStudiesUniversity,Chongqing,China)

& Xu Jun (NanjingUniversity,Nanjing,China) p.28

Abstract: The lingo-stylistic determination of Fu Lei’s translation can be accounted for by referring to the aesthetic ideals he upheld, the importance he attached to fluency and readability of translations, and his concern for the target readers’ acceptability. And this determination in turn accounts for his espousal of “bearing a spiritual resemblance to the original” as a guiding principle for translation and for the marked domesticating tendency that informs his translational works. Inspired by this principle, he believed that ideally, a translation should read like “the original author writing in the target language.” To produce such effects, he would not hesitate to transform the source language’s lexical and syntactic features.

Key words: Fu Lei; aesthetic ideal; target reader; domestication; the translator’s invisibility

Foreignization and Domestication Revisited: The New Edition of Venuti’s The Translator’s Invisibility

by Guo Jianzhong (ZhejiangUniversity,Hangzhou,China) p.34

Abstract: The Translator’s Invisibility: A History of Translation (Second Edition) is Venuti’s response to the misunderstandings, debates, controversies and criticisms which its first edition has given rise to among translation scholars around the world. In this new edition, he clarifies and further develops some key ideas and arguments, adds new case studies, and updates his statistical account of the current state of translation. Calling attention to how Venuti has redefined the most important concepts in his theory, including foreignization and domestication, this paper offers some tentative comments on the development of his thinking on translation.

Key words: foreignization; domestication; ethical attitude; discursive strategy; violence; resistance

Development of Professional Translation/Interpreting Teaching and Implementation of the TOT Project

by Ren Wen (SichuanUniversity,Chengdu,China) p.48

Abstract: To train professional translators/interpreters that conform to the market needs, we must first and foremost have a large contingent of qualified instructors that are equipped with renovated training concepts, understand the law of professional translation/interpreting training, and are able to conduct skill-oriented, contextualized teaching rather than language teaching. The implementation of the “Training of Trainers” project based on adult learning principles is an effective tool to improve the qualifications of the instructors and to induce conceptual, attitudinal as well as behavioural changes in their instruction.

Key words: professional translation/interpreting teaching; “Training of Trainers” project; adult learning

Lin Yutang’s Translational Strategies for Introducing the Art of Chinese Calligraphy to the English-speaking World

by Gu Yi (Tianjin University of Science Technology,Tianjin,China) p.53

Abstract: Looking closely into the Chapter on “Chinese Calligraphy” in My Country and My People, this article discusses the translational strategies Lin Yutang employed for introducing Chinese calligraphy to the English-speaking world, calling attention in particular on how he conveyed to the target readers the animistic principle embodied in the art and a sense of intertextuality between the art and ancient Chinese texts on calligraphy.

Key words: Lin Yutang; Chinese calligraphy; translating

The Readers’Expectation for Innovation as a Justification for Creative Literary Translation

by Cong Zihang (ZhejiangShurenUniversity,Hangzhou,China) p.68

Abstract: The never-ending battle in the studies of literary translation between those who emphasize fidelity to the original and those who advocate more room for the translator’s creativity has resulted in a melee in this area of inquiry. Both camps are so dogmatic and so unsupported theoretically that their positions are equally devoid of persuasiveness. This article is sympathetic with the second position, yet it tries to shore up the claim for more creativity in literary translation with a careful analysis of exemplary English translations of Chinese poems, and especially by referring to the readers’ multiple-fold expectation for innovations in the translated works.

Key words: creativity; innovation; expectation; reader; Chinese poem; literary translation

To Get Close to or to Back Away from: Strategies for English Translation of Chinese Phrases / by Meng Xiangchun（Soochow University, Suzhou,China）p.74

Abstract: Macro and micro differences and similarities in thought patterns, expression vehicles, images, allusions, rhetorical devices, description perspectives, etc. exist between Chinese and English phrases. In dealing with these differences, translators of Chinese phrases are often torn between two conflicting inclinations: to get as close as possible to the original in signification, style, image and even rhythmic or rhyming pattern, or to back away deliberately from an identification with these features in order to avoid leaving the impression of a Chinglish rendition. Arguing against yielding to either of these inclinations, this paper calls upon translators to strike a graceful balance between the two extremes, and goes on to offer six specific strategies for turning Chinese phrases into English.

Key words: E-C translation; Chinese phrases; “approximating and shunning”; translation strategies